Definitions for r-factor
r-factor

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1. r-factor

   Plasmid-mediated resistance is the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes which are carried on plasmids. Plasmids possess mechanisms that ensure their independent replication as well as those that regulate their replication number and guarantee stable inheritance during cell division. By the conjugation process, they can stimulate lateral transfer between bacteria from various genera and kingdoms. Numerous plasmids contain addiction-inducing systems that are typically based on toxin-antitoxin factors and capable of killing daughter cells that don't inherit the plasmid during cell division. Plasmids often carry multiple antibiotic resistance genes, contributing to the spread of multidrug-resistance (MDR). Antibiotic resistance mediated by MDR plasmids severely limits the treatment options for the infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, especially family Enterobacteriaceae. The global spread of MDR plasmids has been enhanced by selective pressure from antimicrobial medications used in medical facilities and when raising animals for food.

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1. R-factor

   In crystallography, the R-factor is a measure of the agreement between the crystallographic model and the experimental X-ray diffraction data. In other words, it is a measure of how well the refined structure predicts the observed data. It is defined by the following equation: where F is the so-called structure factor and the sum extends over all the reflections measured and their calculated counterparts respectively. The structure factor F is closely related to the intensity of the reflection it describes: For large molecules, R-factor usually ranges between 0.6 and 0.2. Small molecules usually form more ordered crystals than large molecules, it is possible to attain lower R-factors. In the Cambridge Structural Database more than 95% of the 500,000+ crystals have an R-factor lower than 0.15 and 9.5% have an R-factor lower than 0.03. Crystallographers also use the Free R-Factor to describe the quality of a model. The quantities and are similarly used to describe the internal agreement of measurements in a crystallographic data set.

How to pronounce r-factor?

1. Alex

   US English

   David

   US English

   Mark

   US English

   Daniel

   British

   Libby

   British

   Mia

   British

   Karen

   Australian

   Hayley

   Australian

   Natasha

   Australian

   Veena

   Indian

   Priya

   Indian

   Neerja

   Indian

   Zira

   US English

   Oliver

   British

   Wendy

   British

   Fred

   US English

   Tessa

   South African

How to say r-factor in sign language?

Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of r-factor in Chaldean Numerology is: 9

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of r-factor in Pythagorean Numerology is: 9

Examples of r-factor in a Sentence

1. Chief Executive Officer Lukas Braunschweiler:

   We're hedging our inter-company net exposure on working capital but we didn't hedge enough on these currencies, usually, they haven't been a big factor. But now, they've become a big factor.

2. Vice President Joe Biden:

   Unless I can go to my party and the American people and say that I'm able to devote my whole heart and my whole soul to this endeavor, it would not be appropriate, and everybody talks about a lot of other factors: The other people in the race and whether I can raise the money and whether I can get an organization. That's not the factor. The factor is can I do it? Can my family?

3. Massimo Franchini:

   Belonging to a non-O blood type represents only a risk factor (among many others), and actually, there are many and many millions of people worldwide with non-O blood type that do not have, and will never develop, any of these diseases, thus, in my opinion, a healthy lifestyle still remains the main factor able to influence the health status of an individual.

4. Charles Howell III:

   Tiger Woods was the reason that working out become popular, these( younger) guys, it's like they used him as a benchmark. When I came out, Tiger Woods had this massive intimidation factor. Now it's like Tiger Woods is the one who pushed them along and trained them. The dynamic is weird, but probably a guy my age would be more intimidated by Tiger Woods than a guy who is just now coming out.

5. Akihisa Nagashima:

   The growing influence of China and the relative decline of the U.S. was a factor, we wanted to do what we could and help ensure the sustainability of the U.S. forward deployment.

References

1. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-factor
2. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=r-factor