Definitions for proenzyme
proʊˈɛn zaɪmproen·zyme

Princeton's WordNetRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. proenzyme, zymogennoun

   any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active

GCIDERate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. proenzymenoun

   Any one of a class of proteins that are converted, in the normal course of cellular metabolism, into one or more active enzymes; also called zymogen. The conversion usually is due to a specific cleavage of a peptide bond by another enzyme, or may be due to acid.

WiktionaryRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. proenzymenoun

   Any inactive precursor of an enzyme that is converted to an enzyme by proteolysis; a zymogen

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. proenzyme

   In biochemistry, a zymogen (), also called a proenzyme (), is an inactive precursor of an enzyme. A zymogen requires a biochemical change (such as a hydrolysis reaction revealing the active site, or changing the configuration to reveal the active site) for it to become an active enzyme. The biochemical change usually occurs in Golgi bodies, where a specific part of the precursor enzyme is cleaved in order to activate it. The inactivating piece which is cleaved off can be a peptide unit, or can be independently-folding domains comprising more than 100 residues. Although they limit the enzyme's ability, these N-terminal extensions of the enzyme or a “prosegment” often aid in the stabilization and folding of the enzyme they inhibit.The pancreas secretes zymogens partly to prevent the enzymes from digesting proteins in the cells in which they are synthesised. Enzymes like pepsin are created in the form of pepsinogen, an inactive zymogen. Pepsinogen is activated when chief cells release it into the gastric acid, whose hydrochloric acid partially activates it. Another partially inactivated pepsinogen completes the activation by removing the peptide, turning the pepsinogen into pepsin. Accidental activation of zymogens can happen when the secretion duct in the pancreas is blocked by a gallstone, resulting in acute pancreatitis.Fungi also secrete digestive enzymes into the environment as zymogens. The external environment has a different pH than inside the fungal cell and this changes the zymogen's structure into an active enzyme.Another way that enzymes can exist in inactive forms and later be converted to active forms is by activating only when a cofactor, called a coenzyme, is bound. In this system, the inactive form (the apoenzyme) becomes the active form (the holoenzyme) when the coenzyme binds. In the duodenum, the pancreatic zymogens, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, proelastase and procarboxypeptidase are converted into active enzymes by enteropeptidase and trypsin. Chymotrypsinogen, is single polypeptide chain of 245 amino acids residues, is converted to alpha-chymotrypsin, which has three polypeptide chains linked by two of the five disulfide bond present in the primary structure of chymotrypsinogen.

ChatGPTRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. proenzyme

   A proenzyme, also known as a zymogen, is an inactive precursor of an enzyme. It requires some form of activation, often through the cleavage of a polypeptide segment, to become a fully active enzyme. This process of conversion allows for the regulation of enzyme activity inside cells or in biological processes.

Editors ContributionRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. proenzyme

   A type of protein.

   Proenzyme is another word for zymogen which are various enzyme precursor molecules that may change into an enzyme as a result of catalytic change.

   
   

   Submitted by MaryC on October 6, 2015  

Matched Categories

1. • Organic Compound

How to pronounce proenzyme?

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Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of proenzyme in Chaldean Numerology is: 8

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of proenzyme in Pythagorean Numerology is: 2

References

1. ^ Princeton's WordNet
   http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=proenzyme
2. ^ GCIDE
   https://gcide.gnu.org.ua/?q=proenzyme
3. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Proenzyme
4. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proenzyme
5. ^ ChatGPT
   https://chat.openai.com