Definitions for nitrosylation
ni·tro·sy·la·tion

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1. nitrosylationnoun

   The reaction of nitric oxide with a biological compound, especially with a sulfur containing part of a protein as a posttranslational modification

2. nitrosylationnoun

   Any reaction with a nitrosyl compound

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Nitrosylation

   Nitrosylation is the general term for covalent incorporation of a nitric oxide "nitrosyl" moiety into another (usually organic) molecule. There are multiple chemical mechanisms by which this can be achieved; including biological enzymes and industrial processes. The biological functions of nitrosylation are particularly important as S-nitrosylation, the conjugation of NO to cysteine thiols in proteins, is an important part of cell signalling. Coordination of NO to transition metals to give metal nitrosyl complexes, is also referred to as nitrosylation.

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1. Nitrosylation

   Nitrosylation, specifically S-nitrosylation, involves the covalent incorporation of a nitric oxide moiety into thiol groups, to form S-nitrosothiol. Where the thiol group belongs to a subset of specific cysteine residues in proteins, the resulting SNO is an S-nitrosoprotein. S-Nitrosylation is a form of post-translational protein modification with similarities to phosphorylation. S-Nitrosylation meets the criteria for validation as a signaling mechanism in that it is stimulus evoked, precisely targeted, reversible, spatiotemporally restricted and necessary for specific cell responses. The first protein whose activity was shown to be regulated by S-nitrosylation in this fashion was the NMDA-type glutamate receptor in the brain. S-nitrosylation has since been shown to be ubiquitous in biology, having been demonstrated to occur in all phylogenetic Kingdoms and has been described as the prototypic redox-based signalling mechanism, hypothesised to have evolved on primordial Earth. The reverse process of S-nitrosylation is termed denitrosylation, which in addition to occurring spontaneously in the presence of metal ions and under conditions of photolysis, has recently been demonstrated to be an enzymically controlled process. S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase, which accelerates the decomposition of S-nitrosoglutathione and other SNO-proteins, is an alcohol dehydrogenase class III isoenzyme which has been shown to be conserved from bacteria to humans. Similarly, the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system catalyzes the denitrosylation of a number of S-nitrosoproteins Aberrant or dysregulated denitrosylation or S-nitrosylation has been associated with stroke and a number of chronic degenerative diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. There is an emerging role of S-nitrosylation in cancer biology. S-nitrosylation of EGFR and Src activates an oncogenic signaling network in human basal-like breast cancer

How to pronounce nitrosylation?

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Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of nitrosylation in Chaldean Numerology is: 8

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of nitrosylation in Pythagorean Numerology is: 2

References

1. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Nitrosylation
2. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrosylation
3. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=nitrosylation