Definitions for john burdon sanderson haldane
john bur·don sander·son hal·dane

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1. Haldane, J. B. S. Haldane, John Burdon Sanderson Haldanenoun

   Scottish geneticist (son of John Haldane) who contributed to the development of population genetics; a popularizer of science and a Marxist (1892-1964)

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1. john burdon sanderson haldane

   John Burdon Sanderson Haldane (; 5 November 1892 – 1 December 1964), nicknamed "Jack" or "JBS", was a British-Indian scientist who worked in physiology, genetics, evolutionary biology, and mathematics. With innovative use of statistics in biology, he was one of the founders of neo-Darwinism. He served in the Great War, and obtained the rank of captain. Despite his lack of an academic degree in the field, he taught biology at the University of Cambridge, the Royal Institution, and University College London. Renouncing his British citizenship, he became an Indian citizen in 1961 and worked at the Indian Statistical Institute for the rest of his life. Haldane's article on abiogenesis in 1929 introduced the "primordial soup theory", which became the foundation for the concept of the chemical origin of life. He established human gene maps for haemophilia and colour blindness on the X chromosome, and codified Haldane's rule on sterility in the heterogametic sex of hybrids in species. He correctly proposed that sickle-cell disease confers some immunity to malaria. He was the first to suggest the central idea of in vitro fertilisation, as well as concepts such as hydrogen economy, cis and trans-acting regulation, coupling reaction, molecular repulsion, the darwin (as a unit of evolution), and organismal cloning. In 1957, Haldane articulated Haldane's dilemma, a limit on the speed of beneficial evolution, an idea which is still debated today. He willed his body for medical studies, as he wanted to remain useful even in death. He is also remembered for his work in human biology, having coined "clone", "cloning", and "ectogenesis". With his sister, Naomi Mitchison, Haldane was the first to demonstrate genetic linkage in mammals. Subsequent works established a unification of Mendelian genetics and Darwinian evolution by natural selection whilst laying the groundwork for modern synthesis, and helped to create population genetics. Haldane was a professed socialist, Marxist, atheist, and secular humanist whose political dissent led him to leave England in 1956 and live in India, becoming a naturalised Indian citizen in 1961. Arthur C. Clarke credited him as "perhaps the most brilliant science populariser of his generation". Brazilian-British biologist and Nobel laureate Peter Medawar called Haldane "the cleverest man I ever knew". According to Theodosius Dobzhansky, "Haldane was always recognized as a singular case"; Ernst Mayr described him as a "polymath"; Michael J. D. White described him as "the most erudite biologist of his generation, and perhaps of the century"; James Watson described him as "England's most clever and eccentric biologist" and Sahotra Sarkar described him as "probably the most prescient biologist of this [20th] century." According to a Cambridge student, "he seemed to be the last man who might know all there was to be known."

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1. john burdon sanderson haldane

   John Burdon Sanderson Haldane was a noted British scientist and author known for his extensive contributions to the fields of physiology, genetics, and evolutionary biology. Born in 1892 and educated at Eton College and Oxford University, Haldane developed theories on enzyme action and metabolic rate, coined the concept of "primordial soup" as an origin for life on Earth, and predicted the danger of harmful mutations through ionizing radiation. He also played a significant role in synthesizing Darwinian evolution with Mendelian genetics, which laid the foundation for the modern evolutionary synthesis. Apart from being a distinguished scientist, Haldane was also a popularizer of science and a keen observer of its societal implications.

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1. john burdon sanderson haldane

   Quotes by john burdon sanderson haldane -- Explore a large variety of famous quotes made by john burdon sanderson haldane on the Quotes.net website.

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References

1. ^ Princeton's WordNet
   http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=john burdon sanderson haldane
2. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Burdon_Sanderson_Haldane
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