What does chromosome mean?

Definitions for chromosome
ˈkroʊ məˌsoʊmchro·mo·some

This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word chromosome.

Princeton's WordNet

  1. chromosomenoun

    a threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order

    "humans have 22 chromosome pairs plus two sex chromosomes"

Wiktionary

  1. chromosomenoun

    A structure in the cell nucleus that contains DNA, histone protein, and other structural proteins.

  2. Etymology: 19th century: from Chromosom, ultimately from χρῶμα + σῶμα (because they are stained under the microscope).

ChatGPT

  1. chromosome

    A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are composed of DNA and proteins, specifically histones, which help package the DNA into a compact form. Humans have 46 chromosomes, 23 pairs, where one of each pair is inherited from each parent.

Webster Dictionary

  1. Chromosomenoun

    one of the minute bodies into which the chromatin of the nucleus is resolved during mitotic cell division; the idant of Weismann

  2. Etymology: [Gr. color + the body.]

Wikidata

  1. Chromosome

    A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA, protein, and RNA found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences. Chromosomes also contain DNA-bound proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomal DNA encodes most or all of an organism's genetic information; some species also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal genetic elements. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. The DNA molecule may be circular or linear, and can be composed of 100,000 to over 3,750,000,000 nucleotides in a long chain. Typically, eukaryotic cells have large linear chromosomes and prokaryotic cells have smaller circular chromosomes, although there are many exceptions to this rule. Also, cells may contain more than one type of chromosome; for example, mitochondria in most eukaryotes and chloroplasts in plants have their own small chromosomes. In eukaryotes, nuclear chromosomes are packaged by proteins into a condensed structure called chromatin. This allows the very long DNA molecules to fit into the cell nucleus. The structure of chromosomes and chromatin varies through the cell cycle. Chromosomes are the essential unit for cellular division and must be replicated, divided, and passed successfully to their daughter cells so as to ensure the genetic diversity and survival of their progeny. Chromosomes may exist as either duplicated or unduplicated. Unduplicated chromosomes are single linear strands, whereas duplicated chromosomes contain two identical copies joined by a centromere.

Editors Contribution

  1. chromosome

    A form of DNA.

    A chromosome can be found in various facets of the human body e.g. eye color and hair color.


    Submitted by MaryC on December 26, 2020  

Entomology

  1. Chromosome

    one of the segments into which the chromoplasmic filaments of a cell nucleus breaks up just before indirect division.

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Numerology

  1. Chaldean Numerology

    The numerical value of chromosome in Chaldean Numerology is: 2

  2. Pythagorean Numerology

    The numerical value of chromosome in Pythagorean Numerology is: 7

Examples of chromosome in a Sentence

  1. Ron Estes:

    Having one more chromosome should never be validation for ending life, and the Protecting Individuals with Down Syndrome Act protects individuals with disabilities, this is common sense legislation that will save precious lives.

  2. Sriram Sankararaman:

    You’re going along the genome and there is the X chromosome or there are genes expressed in testes. Basically, these parts of the genome have less Neanderthal or Denisovan.

  3. Jan Dumanski:

    There is a correlation between a common and avoidable risk factor, that is smoking, and the most common human mutation -- loss of the Y chromosome, this ... may in part explain why men in general have a shorter life span than women and why smoking is more dangerous for men.

  4. Arthur Georges:

    We used a bacterial artificial chromosome library to generate and verify sex specific sequence and probes that were important to determine the underlying sex of individuals, a BAC library is constructed by cutting up the dragon DNA, the whole genome, and inserting the fragments into bacterial colonies, one fragment per colony, so you can pull particular dragon sequence out at will.

  5. Sriram Sankararaman:

    We see a lot less compared to the rest of the genome, you’re going along the genome and there is the X chromosome or there are genes expressed in testes. Basically, these parts of the genome have less Neanderthal or Denisovan.

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Translations for chromosome

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"chromosome." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 19 Mar. 2024. <https://www.definitions.net/definition/chromosome>.

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