What does proteins mean?

Definitions for proteins
pro·teins

This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word proteins.


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Wiktionary

  1. proteinsnoun

    Plural form of protein.

Wikipedia

  1. proteins

    Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard amino acids; but in certain organisms the genetic code can include selenocysteine and—in certain archaea—pyrrolysine. Shortly after or even during synthesis, the residues in a protein are often chemically modified by post-translational modification, which alters the physical and chemical properties, folding, stability, activity, and ultimately, the function of the proteins. Some proteins have non-peptide groups attached, which can be called prosthetic groups or cofactors. Proteins can also work together to achieve a particular function, and they often associate to form stable protein complexes. Once formed, proteins only exist for a certain period and are then degraded and recycled by the cell's machinery through the process of protein turnover. A protein's lifespan is measured in terms of its half-life and covers a wide range. They can exist for minutes or years with an average lifespan of 1–2 days in mammalian cells. Abnormal or misfolded proteins are degraded more rapidly either due to being targeted for destruction or due to being unstable. Like other biological macromolecules such as polysaccharides and nucleic acids, proteins are essential parts of organisms and participate in virtually every process within cells. Many proteins are enzymes that catalyse biochemical reactions and are vital to metabolism. Proteins also have structural or mechanical functions, such as actin and myosin in muscle and the proteins in the cytoskeleton, which form a system of scaffolding that maintains cell shape. Other proteins are important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, and the cell cycle. In animals, proteins are needed in the diet to provide the essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized. Digestion breaks the proteins down for metabolic use. Proteins may be purified from other cellular components using a variety of techniques such as ultracentrifugation, precipitation, electrophoresis, and chromatography; the advent of genetic engineering has made possible a number of methods to facilitate purification. Methods commonly used to study protein structure and function include immunohistochemistry, site-directed mutagenesis, X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry.

U.S. National Library of Medicine

  1. Proteins

    Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

Anagrams for proteins »

  1. Peronist

  2. pointers

  3. porniest

  4. pterions

  5. repoints

How to pronounce proteins?

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Numerology

  1. Chaldean Numerology

    The numerical value of proteins in Chaldean Numerology is: 8

  2. Pythagorean Numerology

    The numerical value of proteins in Pythagorean Numerology is: 8

Examples of proteins in a Sentence

  1. Jessica Vogelsang:

    But there is no such thing, the allergic reaction is triggered by the proteins in their saliva and skin, which of course all dogs and cats have.

  2. Kevin Hrusovsky:

    Nobody thought that many of the proteins or bio markers that affect the brain would even be in blood. It was thought, basically, that those proteins and those markers would only be in the brain in the spinal fluid, but what we’ve learned is that a small amount of the spinal fluid, the cerebral spinal fluid, actually leaks into the blood through the blood brain barrier and because our technology can detect things that are so minute in blood, we can test what’s going on in the brain.

  3. Lakiea Wright:

    These proteins are very lightweight, so they get dispersed in the air as the animal moves around.

  4. Vincent Martin:

    The food and nutrition insecurity situation in North Korea is worrying and the African swine fever outbreak puts additional pressure on the availability of proteins of animal origin.

  5. Ronald Petersen:

    In an ideal world, you want to take a 78-year-old and say, I think in your brain amyloid is contributing to 20 percent of your cognitive problems, so I’ll give you an anti-amyloid therapy. You also have tau proteins contributing to about 35 percent of your problems, and so on, you’d want to design a therapeutic regimen based on the different components and their contributions to that patient’s disease.

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Translations for proteins

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"proteins." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 13 Nov. 2024. <https://www.definitions.net/definition/proteins>.

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