What does centromere mean?

Definitions for centromere
ˈsɛn trəˌmɪərcen·tromere

This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word centromere.

Princeton's WordNet

  1. centromere, kinetochorenoun

    a specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape

    "the centromere is difficult to sequence"

Wiktionary

  1. centromerenoun

    The central region of a eukaryotic chromosome where the kinetochore is assembled.

  2. Etymology: From Centromer, corresponding to centro- + μέρος.

Wikipedia

  1. Centromere

    The centromere links a pair of sister chromatids together during cell division. This constricted region of chromosome connects the sister chromatids, creating a short arm (p) and a long arm (q) on the chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore. The physical role of the centromere is to act as the site of assembly of the kinetochores – a highly complex multiprotein structure that is responsible for the actual events of chromosome segregation – i.e. binding microtubules and signaling to the cell cycle machinery when all chromosomes have adopted correct attachments to the spindle, so that it is safe for cell division to proceed to completion and for cells to enter anaphase. There are, broadly speaking, two types of centromeres. "Point centromeres" bind to specific proteins that recognize particular DNA sequences with high efficiency. Any piece of DNA with the point centromere DNA sequence on it will typically form a centromere if present in the appropriate species. The best characterized point centromeres are those of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. "Regional centromeres" is the term coined to describe most centromeres, which typically form on regions of preferred DNA sequence, but which can form on other DNA sequences as well. The signal for formation of a regional centromere appears to be epigenetic. Most organisms, ranging from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe to humans, have regional centromeres. Regarding mitotic chromosome structure, centromeres represent a constricted region of the chromosome (often referred to as the primary constriction) where two identical sister chromatids are most closely in contact. When cells enter mitosis, the sister chromatids (the two copies of each chromosomal DNA molecule resulting from DNA replication in chromatin form) are linked along their length by the action of the cohesin complex. It is now believed that this complex is mostly released from chromosome arms during prophase, so that by the time the chromosomes line up at the mid-plane of the mitotic spindle (also known as the metaphase plate), the last place where they are linked with one another is in the chromatin in and around the centromere.

ChatGPT

  1. centromere

    A centromere is a region in a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are most closely linked, serving as the point of attachment for spindle fibers during cell division. This region plays a critical role in the alignment and separation of chromosomes ensuring accurate inheritance of genetic material by the two daughter cells. The structure and position of the centromere can vary among different species and different chromosomes.

Wikidata

  1. Centromere

    The centromere is the part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore. Centromeres were first defined as genetic loci that direct the behaviour of chromosomes. Their physical role is to act as the site of assembly of the kinetochore - a highly complex multiprotein structure that is responsible for the actual events of chromosome segregation - e.g. binding microtubules and signalling to the cell cycle machinery when all chromosomes have adopted correct attachments to the spindle, so that it is safe for cell division to proceed to completion. There are broadly speaking two types of centromeres. "Point centromeres" bind to specific proteins that recognise particular DNA sequences with high efficiency. Any piece of DNA with the point centromere DNA sequence on it will typically form a centomere if present in the appropriate species. The best characterised point centromeres are those of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. "Regional centromeres" is the term coined to describe most centromeres, which typically form on regions of preferred DNA sequence, but which can form on other DNA sequences as well. The signal for formation of a regional centromere appears to be epigenetic. Most organisms, ranging from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe to humans, have regional centromeres.

U.S. National Library of Medicine

  1. Centromere

    The clear constricted portion of the chromosome at which the chromatids are joined and by which the chromosome is attached to the spindle during cell division.

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Numerology

  1. Chaldean Numerology

    The numerical value of centromere in Chaldean Numerology is: 6

  2. Pythagorean Numerology

    The numerical value of centromere in Pythagorean Numerology is: 8

Popularity rank by frequency of use

centromere#10000#86595#100000

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"centromere." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 29 Mar. 2024. <https://www.definitions.net/definition/centromere>.

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