What does alpha 1-antitrypsin mean?

Definitions for alpha 1-antitrypsin
al·pha 1-an·tit·rypsin

This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word alpha 1-antitrypsin.

Wikipedia

  1. alpha 1-antitrypsin

    Alpha-1 antitrypsin or α1-antitrypsin (A1AT, α1AT, A1A, or AAT) is a protein belonging to the serpin superfamily. It is encoded in humans by the SERPINA1 gene. A protease inhibitor, it is also known as alpha1–proteinase inhibitor (A1PI) or alpha1-antiproteinase (A1AP) because it inhibits various proteases (not just trypsin). In older biomedical literature it was sometimes called serum trypsin inhibitor (STI, dated terminology), because its capability as a trypsin inhibitor was a salient feature of its early study. As a type of enzyme inhibitor, it protects tissues from enzymes of inflammatory cells, especially neutrophil elastase, and has a reference range in blood of 0.9–2.3 g/L (in the US the reference range is expressed as mg/dL or micromoles), but the concentration can rise manyfold upon acute inflammation.When the blood contains inadequate amounts of A1AT or functionally defective A1AT (such as in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency), neutrophil elastase is excessively free to break down elastin, degrading the elasticity of the lungs, which results in respiratory complications, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in adults. Normally, A1AT leaves its site of origin, the liver, and joins the systemic circulation; defective A1AT can fail to do so, building up in the liver, which results in cirrhosis in either adults or children. In addition to binding to neutrophil elastase released by inflammatory cells, A1AT also binds to elastase localized on the cell surface in which case elastase does not act as an enzyme, but instead acts to signal cells to undergo locomotion. Besides liver cells, A1PI is produced in bone marrow, by lymphocytic and monocytic cells in lymphoid tissue, and by the Paneth cells of the gut.Inactivation of A1AT by enzymes other than elastase due to inflammation/infection causes the migration of T cells to halt precisely at the site where the pathologic insult exists. This suggests a role for α1PI not only in locomotion of lymphocytes through tissue, but as a consequence of infection, a primary role as a sentinel in immune vigilance.A1AT is both an endogenous protease inhibitor and an exogenous one used as medication. The pharmaceutical form is purified from human donor blood and is sold under the nonproprietary name alpha1–proteinase inhibitor (human) and under various trade names (including Aralast NP, Glassia, Prolastin, Prolastin-C, and Zemaira). Recombinant versions are also available but are currently used in medical research more than as medication.

Wikidata

  1. Alpha 1-antitrypsin

    Alpha 1-Antitrypsin or α1-antitrypsin is a protease inhibitor belonging to the serpin superfamily. It is generally known as serum trypsin inhibitor. Alpha 1-antitrypsin is also referred to as alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor because it inhibits a wide variety of proteases. It protects tissues from enzymes of inflammatory cells, especially neutrophil elastase, and has a reference range in blood of 1.5 - 3.5 gram/liter, but the concentration can rise manyfold upon acute inflammation. In its absence, neutrophil elastase is free to break down elastin, which contributes to the elasticity of the lungs, resulting in respiratory complications such as emphysema, or COPD in adults and cirrhosis in adults or children.

U.S. National Library of Medicine

  1. alpha 1-Antitrypsin

    Plasma glycoprotein member of the serpin superfamily which inhibits TRYPSIN; NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; and other PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES.

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Numerology

  1. Chaldean Numerology

    The numerical value of alpha 1-antitrypsin in Chaldean Numerology is: 8

  2. Pythagorean Numerology

    The numerical value of alpha 1-antitrypsin in Pythagorean Numerology is: 5

Examples of alpha 1-antitrypsin in a Sentence

  1. Marie Budev:

    Joyce Smith said. She had a second chance at life. She knew she had the second chance and she was lucky to have that. For much of her earlier life in Massachusetts, Mellady was hobbled by a mysterious lung condition. Then, in her late 30s, she tested positive foralpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, a genetic disorder. The inherited condition predisposes people to lung conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the emphysema Mellady developed before her transplant. The condition is caused by a lack of a protein in the blood called alpha-1 antitrypsin, which protects the lungs from inflammation. When Melladys lungs were replaced in 2007, doctors at theCleveland Clinicsaid they were among the worst they had ever seen, functioning at 15 percent of capacity. Over the next 13 years, Mellady served as an inspiration for other patients about to undergo similar transplants, a source of support for their relatives and a wealth of information for doctors studying her condition. She ended up living more than twice as long on her new lungs as the average 6.3 years for lung transplant patients. Dr. Marie Budev, the medical director of Cleveland Clinics lung and heart-lung transplant program, oversaw Melladys care and said Marie Budev was the first person from the program who died of COVID-19 and second to test positive. In this December 2016 photo provided by Joyce Smith, Joanne Mellady and Joyce Smith dog Oscar sled down the driveway of Joyce Smith home in Washington, N.H. Mellady, who received a double lung transplant in 2007, died of the coronavirus on March 30, 2020. Joyce Smith was 67. That scared Budev because transplant recipients are seen as particularly vulnerable to the virus because of the drugs they take that suppress their immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections. Five other people who have had lungs transplanted by the clinic have been infected by the virus and one more has has died. Marie Budev said Melladys death was devastating because she had become a testament to the possibilities of how to live life to the fullest after receiving an organ transplant. Marie Budev knew this was a lease on life that Marie Budev had gotten, Marie Budev said. Mellady participated in several research projects in Boston related to Marie Budev condition and was active in groups looking for a cure for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and who supportedorgan donation. Marie Budev was just blooming with excitement to help others and help the field of medicine especially transplantation.

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"alpha 1-antitrypsin." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 29 Mar. 2024. <https://www.definitions.net/definition/alpha+1-antitrypsin>.

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