2. temperament unusual personalnature as manifested by peculiarities of feeling, temper, action, etc., often with a disinclination to submit to conventional rules or restraints: a display of temperament.
4. temperament the tuning of a keyboard instrument, as the piano, organ, or harpsichord, so that the instrument may be played in all keys without further tuning.
Etymology: (1375–1425; late ME < L temperāmentum mixture in appropriate proportions; see temper)
Definition of 'temperament'
Princeton's WordNet
1. (noun)disposition, temperament your usual mood "he has a happy disposition"
2. (verb)temperament due mixture of qualities; a condition brought about by mutual compromises or concessions
3. (verb)temperament the act of tempering or modifying; adjustment, as of clashing rules, interests, passions, or the like; also, the means by which such adjustment is effected
5. (verb)temperament a system of compromises in the tuning of organs, pianofortes, and the like, whereby the tones generated with the vibrations of a groundtone are mutually modified and in part canceled, until their number reduced to the actual practicable scale of twelve tones to the octave. This scale, although in so far artificial, is yet closely suggestive of its origin in nature, and this system of tuning, although not mathematically true, yet satisfies the ear, while it has the convenience that the sametwelve fixed tones answer for every key or scale, C/ becoming identical with D/, and so on
6. (verb)temperament the peculiar physical and mental character of an individual, in olden times erroneously supposed to be due to individual variation in the relations and proportions of the constituent parts of the body, especially of the fluids, as the bile, blood, lymph, etc. Hence the phrases, bilious or choleric temperament, sanguine temperament, etc., implying a predominance of one of these fluids and a corresponding influence on the temperament
Definition of 'temperament'
U.S. National Library of Medicine
1. temperament Predisposition to react to one's environment in a certain way; usually refers to mood changes.
Definitions of temperament 
Afrikaans: temperament
Arabic: مِزاج، طَبْع
Bulgarian: нрав
Brazilian: temperamento
Czech: povaha
German: das Temperament
Danish: temperament; natur
Greek: ψυχοσύνθεση, ιδιοσυγκρασί
Spanish: temperamento
Estonian: temperament
Farsi: طبع
Finnish: luonne
French: tempérament
Hebrew: מֶזֶג
Hindi: स्वभाव
Croatian: temperament,ćud
Hungarian: vérmérséklet
Indonesian: perangai
Icelandic: lunderni, skapgerð
Italian: temperamento
Japanese: 気質
Korean: 기질, 성질
Lithuanian: temperamentas, būdas
Latvian: temperaments
Malay: pembawaan
Dutch: temperament
Norwegian: temperament, lynne
Polish: usposobienie
Persian: طبع
Pashto: مزاج، طبيعت: خټه
Portuguese: temperamento
Romanian: temperament
Russian: нрав; темперамент
Slovak: povaha
Slovenian: temperament
Serbian: temperament
Swedish: temperament
Thai: อารมณ์
Turkish: huy, yaradılış
Taiwanese: 氣質，性情，性格
Ukrainian: темперамент
Urdu: مزاج، سرشت
Vietnamese: khí chất, tính khí
Chinese: 气质，性格，性情
