What does reverse transcriptase mean?
Definitions for reverse transcriptase
trænˈskrɪp teɪs, -teɪzre·verse tran·scrip·tase
This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word reverse transcriptase.
Princeton's WordNet
reverse transcriptasenoun
a polymerase that catalyzes the formation of DNA using RNA as a template; found especially in retroviruses
Wiktionary
reverse transcriptasenoun
A polymerase that catalyzes the formation of DNA from RNA; found in retroviruses.
Wikipedia
Reverse transcriptase
A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription. Reverse transcriptases are used by viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B to replicate their genomes, by retrotransposon mobile genetic elements to proliferate within the host genome, and by eukaryotic cells to extend the telomeres at the ends of their linear chromosomes. Contrary to a widely held belief, the process does not violate the flows of genetic information as described by the classical central dogma, as transfers of information from RNA to DNA are explicitly held possible.Retroviral RT has three sequential biochemical activities: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, ribonuclease H (RNase H), and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity. Collectively, these activities enable the enzyme to convert single-stranded RNA into double-stranded cDNA. In retroviruses and retrotransposons, this cDNA can then integrate into the host genome, from which new RNA copies can be made via host-cell transcription. The same sequence of reactions is widely used in the laboratory to convert RNA to DNA for use in molecular cloning, RNA sequencing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or genome analysis.
ChatGPT
reverse transcriptase
Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used by retroviruses, like HIV, to replicate their RNA genome into DNA in order to integrate into the host cell's genome. This process allows the retrovirus to reproduce within the host cell. The enzyme is called 'reverse' transcriptase because it works opposite to the usual direction of transcription seen in most cells, where DNA is transcribed into RNA. It plays a key role in the replication of retroviruses and is a major target for antiviral drug development.
Wikidata
Reverse transcriptase
Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription. RT is needed for the replication of retroviruses, and RT inhibitors are widely used as antiretroviral drugs. RT activity is also associated with the replication of chromosome ends and some mobile genetic elements. Retroviral RT has three sequential biochemical activities-- RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, ribonuclease H, and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase. These activities are used by the retrovirus to convert single-stranded genomic RNA into double-stranded cDNA which can integrate into the host genome, potentially generating a long-term infection that can be very difficult to eradicate. The same sequence of reactions is widely used in the laboratory to convert RNA to DNA for use in molecular cloning, RNA sequencing, polymerase chain reaction, or genome analysis. Well studied reverse transcriptases include: ⁕HIV-1 reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ⁕M-MLV reverse transcriptase from the Moloney murine leukemia virus ⁕AMV reverse transcriptase from the avian myeloblastosis virus
Matched Categories
Numerology
Chaldean Numerology
The numerical value of reverse transcriptase in Chaldean Numerology is: 7
Pythagorean Numerology
The numerical value of reverse transcriptase in Pythagorean Numerology is: 3
Translation
Find a translation for the reverse transcriptase definition in other languages:
Select another language:
- - Select -
- 简体中文 (Chinese - Simplified)
- 繁體中文 (Chinese - Traditional)
- Español (Spanish)
- Esperanto (Esperanto)
- 日本語 (Japanese)
- Português (Portuguese)
- Deutsch (German)
- العربية (Arabic)
- Français (French)
- Русский (Russian)
- ಕನ್ನಡ (Kannada)
- 한국어 (Korean)
- עברית (Hebrew)
- Gaeilge (Irish)
- Українська (Ukrainian)
- اردو (Urdu)
- Magyar (Hungarian)
- मानक हिन्दी (Hindi)
- Indonesia (Indonesian)
- Italiano (Italian)
- தமிழ் (Tamil)
- Türkçe (Turkish)
- తెలుగు (Telugu)
- ภาษาไทย (Thai)
- Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese)
- Čeština (Czech)
- Polski (Polish)
- Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian)
- Românește (Romanian)
- Nederlands (Dutch)
- Ελληνικά (Greek)
- Latinum (Latin)
- Svenska (Swedish)
- Dansk (Danish)
- Suomi (Finnish)
- فارسی (Persian)
- ייִדיש (Yiddish)
- հայերեն (Armenian)
- Norsk (Norwegian)
- English (English)
Word of the Day
Would you like us to send you a FREE new word definition delivered to your inbox daily?
Citation
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
Style:MLAChicagoAPA
"reverse transcriptase." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 19 Apr. 2024. <https://www.definitions.net/definition/reverse+transcriptase>.
Discuss these reverse transcriptase definitions with the community:
Report Comment
We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe.
If by any chance you spot an inappropriate comment while navigating through our website please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly.
Attachment
You need to be logged in to favorite.
Log In