Definitions for photolyase
pho·to·lyase

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1. photolyasenoun

   An enzyme that repairs DNA that has been damaged by light.

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1. Photolyase

   Photolyases (EC 4.1.99.3) are DNA repair enzymes that repair damage caused by exposure to ultraviolet light. These enzymes require visible light (from the violet/blue end of the spectrum) both for their own activation and for the actual DNA repair. The DNA repair mechanism involving photolyases is called photoreactivation. They mainly convert pyrimidine dimers into a normal pair of pyrimidine bases.

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1. Photolyase

   Photolyases are DNA repair enzymes that repair damage caused by exposure to ultraviolet light. This enzyme mechanism requires visible light, preferentially from the violet/blue end of the spectrum, and is known as photoreactivation. Photolyase is a phylogenetically old enzyme which is present and functional in many species, from the bacteria to the fungi to plants and to the animals. Photolyase is particularly important in repairing UV induced damage in plants. However it is no longer working in humans and other placental mammals who instead rely on the less efficient nucleotide excision repair mechanism. Photolyases bind complementary DNA strands and break certain types of pyrimidine dimers that arise when a pair of thymine or cytosine bases on the same strand of DNA become covalently linked. These dimers result in a 'bulge' of the DNA structure, referred to as a lesion. The more common covalent linkage involves the formation of a cyclobutane bridge. Photolyases have a high affinity for these lesions and reversibly bind and convert them back to the original bases. Photolyases are flavoproteins and contain two light-harvesting cofactors. All photolyases contain the two-electron-reduced FADH-; they are divided into two main classes based on the second cofactor, which may be either the pterin methenyltetrahydrofolate in folate photolyases or the deazaflavin 8-hydroxy-7,8-didemethyl-5-deazariboflavin in deazaflavin photolyases. Although only FAD is required for catalytic activity, the second cofactor significantly accelerates reaction rate in low-light conditions. The enzyme acts by electron transfer in which the reduced flavin FADH- is activated by light energy and acts as an electron donor to break the pyrimidine dimer.

How to pronounce photolyase?

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Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of photolyase in Chaldean Numerology is: 8

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of photolyase in Pythagorean Numerology is: 1

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References

1. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Photolyase
2. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photolyase
3. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=photolyase