Definitions for methanosarcina
methanosarci·na

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1. Methanosarcina

   Methanosarcina is a genus of euryarchaeote archaea that produce methane. These single-celled organisms are known as anaerobic methanogens that produce methane using all three metabolic pathways for methanogenesis. They live in diverse environments where they can remain safe from the effects of oxygen, whether on the earth's surface, in groundwater, in deep sea vents, and in animal digestive tracts. Methanosarcina grow in colonies. The amino acid pyrrolysine was first discovered in a Methanosarcina species, M. barkeri. Primitive versions of hemoglobin have been found in M. acetivorans, suggesting the microbe or an ancestor of it may have played a crucial role in the evolution of life on Earth. Species of Methanosarcina are also noted for unusually large genomes. M. acetivorans has the largest known genome of any archaeon. According to a theory published in 2014, Methanosarcina may have been largely responsible for the largest extinction event in the Earth's history, the Permian–Triassic extinction event. The theory suggests that acquisition of a new metabolic pathway via gene transfer followed by exponential reproduction allowed the microbe to rapidly consume vast deposits of organic carbon in marine sediments, leading to a sharp buildup of methane and carbon dioxide in the Earth's oceans and atmosphere that killed around 90% of the world's species. This theory could better explain the observed carbon isotope level in period deposits than other theories such as volcanic activity. Methanosarcina has been used in waste water treatment since the mid-1980s. Researchers have sought ways to use it as an alternative power source. Methanosarcina strains were grown in single-cell morphology (Sowers et al. 1993) at 35 °C in HS broth medium containing 125 mM methanol plus 40 mM sodium acetate (HS-MA medium).

WikidataRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Methanosarcina

   Methanosarcina are the only known anaerobic methanogens to produce methane using all three known metabolic pathways for methanogenesis. Most methanogens make methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas. Some others utilize acetate in the acetoclastic pathway. In addition to these two pathways, species of Methanosarcina can also metabolize methylated one-carbon compounds through methylotrophic methanogenesis. Such one-carbon compounds include methylamines, methanol, and methyl thiols. Thus species of Methanosarcina are the most diverse methanogens in terms of physiology. They are found in diverse environments, including trash dumps, sewage heaps, deep sea vents, deep subsurface groundwater, and even in the gut of many different ungulates, including cows, sheep, goats, and deer. Methanosarcina have even been found in the human digestive tract too. Methanosarcina are also unique in that they have been found to grow in colonies and even show primitive cellular differentiation. Both M. acetivorans and M. mazei have been found to have exceptionally large genomes. As of August 2008, M. acetivorans possessed the largest sequenced archaeal genome at 5,751,492 bp. Slightly smaller is the genome of M. mazei, with 4,096,345 bp.

U.S. National Library of MedicineRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Methanosarcina

   A genus of anaerobic, irregular spheroid-shaped METHANOSARCINALES whose organisms are nonmotile. Endospores are not formed. These archaea derive energy via formation of methane from acetate, methanol, mono-, di-, and trimethylamine, and possibly, carbon monoxide. Organisms are isolated from freshwater and marine environments.

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Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of methanosarcina in Chaldean Numerology is: 2

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of methanosarcina in Pythagorean Numerology is: 6

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References

1. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanosarcina
2. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=methanosarcina