Definitions for mammogram
ˈmæm əˌgræmmam·mo·gram

Princeton's WordNetRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. mammogramnoun

   X-ray film of the soft tissue of the breast

WiktionaryRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. mammogramnoun

   An X-ray picture of the breasts (mammaries), used to screen for breast cancer.

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. mammogram

   Mammography (also called mastography) is the process of using low-energy X-rays (usually around 30 kVp) to examine the human breast for diagnosis and screening. The goal of mammography is the early detection of breast cancer, typically through detection of characteristic masses or microcalcifications. As with all X-rays, mammograms use doses of ionizing radiation to create images. These images are then analyzed for abnormal findings. It is usual to employ lower-energy X-rays, typically Mo (K-shell X-ray energies of 17.5 and 19.6 keV) and Rh (20.2 and 22.7 keV) than those used for radiography of bones. Mammography may be 2D or 3D (tomosynthesis), depending on the available equipment and/or purpose of the examination. Ultrasound, ductography, positron emission mammography (PEM), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are adjuncts to mammography. Ultrasound is typically used for further evaluation of masses found on mammography or palpable masses that may or may not be seen on mammograms. Ductograms are still used in some institutions for evaluation of bloody nipple discharge when the mammogram is non-diagnostic. MRI can be useful for the screening of high risk patients, for further evaluation of questionable findings or symptoms, as well as for pre-surgical evaluation of patients with known breast cancer, in order to detect additional lesions that might change the surgical approach (for example, from breast-conserving lumpectomy to mastectomy). For the average woman, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends (2016) mammography every two years between the ages of 50 and 74, concluding that "the benefit of screening mammography outweighs the harms by at least a moderate amount from age 50 to 74 years and is greatest for women in their 60s". The American College of Radiology and American Cancer Society recommend yearly screening mammography starting at age 40. The Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (2012) and the European Cancer Observatory (2011) recommend mammography every 2 to 3 years between ages 50 and 69. These task force reports point out that in addition to unnecessary surgery and anxiety, the risks of more frequent mammograms include a small but significant increase in breast cancer induced by radiation. Additionally, mammograms should not be performed with increased frequency in patients undergoing breast surgery, including breast enlargement, mastopexy, and breast reduction. The Cochrane Collaboration (2013) concluded after ten years that trials with adequate randomization did not find an effect of mammography screening on total cancer mortality, including breast cancer. The authors of this Cochrane review write: "If we assume that screening reduces breast cancer mortality by 15% and that overdiagnosis and over-treatment is at 30%, it means that for every 2,000 women invited for screening throughout 10 years, one will avoid dying of breast cancer and 10 healthy women, who would not have been diagnosed if there had not been screening, will be treated unnecessarily. Furthermore, more than 200 women will experience important psychological distress including anxiety and uncertainty for years because of false positive findings." The authors conclude that the time has come to re-assess whether universal mammography screening should be recommended for any age group. They state that universal screening may not be reasonable. The Nordic Cochrane Collection updated research in 2012 and stated that advances in diagnosis and treatment make mammography screening less effective today, rendering it "no longer effective". They conclude that "it therefore no longer seems reasonable to attend" for breast cancer screening at any age, and warn of misleading information on the internet. On the contrary, a report in the New England Journal of Medicine attributes the poor effectiveness of national mammography screening programs at reducing breast cancer mortality to radiation-induced cancers.Mammography has a false-negative (missed cancer) rate of at least ten percent. This is partly due to dense tissue obscuring the cancer and the appearance of cancer on mammograms having a large overlap with the appearance of normal tissue. A meta-analysis review of programs in countries with organized screening found a 52% over-diagnosis rate.

ChatGPTRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. mammogram

   A mammogram is a specialized medical imaging procedure that uses a low-dose x-ray system to take pictures of the internal structure of breasts. It is utilized predominantly as a diagnostic and screening tool to detect early signs of breast cancer or other breast-related diseases.

Matched Categories

1. • Roentgenogram

How to pronounce mammogram?

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How to say mammogram in sign language?

Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of mammogram in Chaldean Numerology is: 3

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of mammogram in Pythagorean Numerology is: 4

Examples of mammogram in a Sentence

1. Catharine Becker of Fullerton:

   To be told at age 43 I had stage 3 cancer after a clean mammogram was really a shock, i'd rather have more information than less.

2. Harold Burstein:

   Usually, it’s a discussion between the patient, the clinical team, and the radiologist. And it’ll be affected by prior history, by whether there’s anything else of concern on the mammogram, by the patient’s family history. So those are the kinds of things we discuss frequently with patients who are in such situations.

3. Arif Kamal:

   In the United States, across the country, there are not differences in mammogram screening rates among Black women and White women. In fact, across the entire country, the number is about 75%. We see about 3 in 4 women – Black, White, Hispanic, and Asian – are on time with their mammograms.

4. Peter Marks:

   If you're going to get The Covid vaccine, you might want to get your mammogram first before you get it, or you might want to wait a couple of weeks because if those lymph nodes turn up on a mammogram, they may trigger a false, further investigation, the Covid vaccine's really The Covid vaccine, except if The Covid vaccine triggers extra medical investigation, so The Covid vaccine's just something to be aware of.

5. Kristen Dahlgren:

   If I hadn't done that story, I might have ignored the change in my breast, i might have assumed a mammogram would have picked up cancer.

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References

1. ^ Princeton's WordNet
   http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=mammogram
2. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mammogram
3. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammogram
4. ^ ChatGPT
   https://chat.openai.com