Definitions for glycocalyx
gly·co·ca·lyx

WiktionaryRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. glycocalyxnoun

   A filamentous coating of glycoprotein and polysaccharide on the surface of bacteria and some other cells

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Glycocalyx

   The glycocalyx, also known as the pericellular matrix, is a glycoprotein and glycolipid covering that surrounds the cell membranes of bacteria, epithelial cells, and other cells. In 1970, Martinez-Palomo discovered the cell coating in animal cells, which is known as the glycocalyx. Animal epithelial cells have a fuzz-like coating on the external surface of their plasma membranes. This viscous coating is the glycocalyx that consists of several carbohydrate moieties of membrane glycolipids and glycoproteins, which serve as backbone molecules for support. Generally, the carbohydrate portion of the glycolipids found on the surface of plasma membranes helps these molecules contribute to cell–cell recognition, communication, and intercellular adhesion.The glycocalyx is a type of identifier that the body uses to distinguish between its own healthy cells and transplanted tissues, diseased cells, or invading organisms. Included in the glycocalyx are cell-adhesion molecules that enable cells to adhere to each other and guide the movement of cells during embryonic development. The glycocalyx plays a major role in regulation of endothelial vascular tissue, including the modulation of red blood cell volume in capillaries.The term was initially applied to the polysaccharide matrix coating epithelial cells, but its functions have been discovered to go well beyond that.

WikidataRate this definition:1.0 / 1 vote

1. Glycocalyx

   Glycocalyx is a general term referring to extracellular polymeric material produced by some bacteria, epithelia and other cells. For instance, the slime on the outside of a fish is considered to be a glycocalyx. The term was initially applied to the polysaccharide matrix excreted by epithelial cells forming a coating on the surface of epithelial tissue, but its functions have been discovered to go well beyond that. Most animal epithelial cells have a fuzzy coat called the glycocalyx on the external surface of its plasma membrane. This coating consists of several carbohydrate moieties of membrane glycolipids and glycoproteins, which serve as backbone molecules for support. Further research has shown that the glycocalyx, which is located on the apical surface of endothelial cells, is composed of a negatively charged network of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. Generally, the carbohydrate portion of the glycolipids found on the surface of plasma membranes helps these molecules contribute to cell-cell recognition, communication, and intracellular adhesion. The glycocalyx is a type of identifier that the body uses to distinguish between its own healthy cells and transplanted tissues, diseased cells, or invading organisms. Included in the glycocalyx are cell-adhesion molecules that enable cells to adhere to each other and guide the movement of cells during embryonic development. The glycocalyx plays a major role in endothelial vascular tissue, including the modulation of red blood cell volume in capillaries, as well as many other functions of the vascular system.

U.S. National Library of MedicineRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Glycocalyx

   The carbohydrate-rich zone on the cell surface. This zone can be visualized by a variety of stains as well as by its affinity for lectins. Although most of the carbohydrate is attached to intrinsic plasma membrane molecules, the glycocalyx usually also contains both glycoproteins and proteoglycans that have been secreted into the extracellular space and then adsorbed onto the cell surface. (Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3d ed, p502)

How to pronounce glycocalyx?

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Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of glycocalyx in Chaldean Numerology is: 3

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of glycocalyx in Pythagorean Numerology is: 1

References

1. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Glycocalyx
2. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycocalyx
3. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=glycocalyx