Definitions for carboxysome
car·boxysome

WiktionaryRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. carboxysomenoun

   A bacterial organelle that contains enzymes involved in carbon fixation.

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Carboxysome

   Carboxysomes are bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) consisting of polyhedral protein shells filled with the enzymes ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO)—the predominant enzyme in carbon fixation and the rate limiting enzyme in the Calvin cycle—and carbonic anhydrase.Carboxysomes are thought to have evolved as a consequence of the increase in oxygen concentration in the ancient atmosphere; this is because oxygen is a competing substrate to carbon dioxide in the RuBisCO reaction. To overcome the inefficiency of RuBisCO, carboxysomes concentrate carbon dioxide inside the shell by means of co-localized carbonic anhydrase activity, which produces carbon dioxide from the bicarbonate that diffuses into the carboxysome. The resulting concentration of carbon dioxide near RuBisCO decreases the proportion of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate oxygenation and thereby avoids costly photorespiratory reactions. The surrounding shell provides a barrier to carbon dioxide loss, helping to increase its concentration around RuBisCO. Carboxysomes are an essential part of the carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanism (CCM). Carboxysomes are the best studied example of bacterial microcompartments, the term for functionally diverse organelles that are alike in having a protein shell.

WikidataRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Carboxysome

   Carboxysomes are bacterial microcompartments that contain enzymes involved in carbon fixation. Carboxysomes are made of polyhedral protein shells about 80 to 140 nanometres in diameter. These compartments are thought to concentrate carbon dioxide to overcome the inefficiency of RuBisCO - the predominant enzyme in carbon fixation and the rate limiting enzyme in the Calvin cycle. These organelles are found in all cyanobacteria and many chemotrophic bacteria that fix carbon dioxide. Carboxysomes are an example of a wider group of protein micro-compartments that have dissimilar functions, but similar structures, based on homology of the two shell protein families.

How to pronounce carboxysome?

1. Alex

   US English

   David

   US English

   Mark

   US English

   Daniel

   British

   Libby

   British

   Mia

   British

   Karen

   Australian

   Hayley

   Australian

   Natasha

   Australian

   Veena

   Indian

   Priya

   Indian

   Neerja

   Indian

   Zira

   US English

   Oliver

   British

   Wendy

   British

   Fred

   US English

   Tessa

   South African

How to say carboxysome in sign language?

Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of carboxysome in Chaldean Numerology is: 4

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of carboxysome in Pythagorean Numerology is: 5

References

1. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Carboxysome
2. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxysome
3. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=carboxysome