Definitions for Brownian motion
ˈbraʊ ni ənbrown·ian motion

Princeton's WordNetRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Brownian movement, Brownian motion, pedesisnoun

   the random motion of small particles suspended in a gas or liquid

WiktionaryRate this definition:5.0 / 1 vote

1. Brownian motionnoun

   Random motion of particles suspended in a fluid, arising from those particles being struck by individual molecules of the fluid.

2. Etymology: Named after botanist Robert Brown (1773-1858) who investigated the movement of pollen suspended in water.

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Brownian motion

   Brownian motion, or pedesis (from Ancient Greek: πήδησις /pɛ̌ːdɛːsis/ "leaping"), is the random motion of particles suspended in a medium (a liquid or a gas).This pattern of motion typically consists of random fluctuations in a particle's position inside a fluid sub-domain, followed by a relocation to another sub-domain. Each relocation is followed by more fluctuations within the new closed volume. This pattern describes a fluid at thermal equilibrium, defined by a given temperature. Within such a fluid, there exists no preferential direction of flow (as in transport phenomena). More specifically, the fluid's overall linear and angular momenta remain null over time. The kinetic energies of the molecular Brownian motions, together with those of molecular rotations and vibrations, sum up to the caloric component of a fluid's internal energy (the equipartition theorem). This motion is named after the botanist Robert Brown, who first described the phenomenon in 1827, while looking through a microscope at pollen of the plant Clarkia pulchella immersed in water. In 1905, almost eighty years later, theoretical physicist Albert Einstein published a paper where he modeled the motion of the pollen particles as being moved by individual water molecules, making one of his first major scientific contributions. The direction of the force of atomic bombardment is constantly changing, and at different times the particle is hit more on one side than another, leading to the seemingly random nature of the motion. This explanation of Brownian motion served as convincing evidence that atoms and molecules exist and was further verified experimentally by Jean Perrin in 1908. Perrin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1926 "for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter".The many-body interactions that yield the Brownian pattern cannot be solved by a model accounting for every involved molecule. In consequence, only probabilistic models applied to molecular populations can be employed to describe it. Two such models of the statistical mechanics, due to Einstein and Smoluchowski, are presented below. Another, pure probabilistic class of models is the class of the stochastic process models. There exist sequences of both simpler and more complicated stochastic processes which converge (in the limit) to Brownian motion (see random walk and Donsker's theorem).

ChatGPTRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. brownian motion

   Brownian Motion, also known as particle theory, is a mathematical model used to describe random movements of particles suspended in a fluid (liquid or gas) resulting from their collision with fast-moving molecules in the fluid. This was first observed by Robert Brown in 1827. In a broader scientific context, it refers to random motion observed in many physical systems, from the movement of pollen particles on still water to fluctuations in stock market prices. The pattern of motion is random, unpredictable, and is influenced by the size of the particle, temperature and viscosity of the fluid.

WikidataRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Brownian motion

   Brownian motion or pedesis is the presumably random moving of particles suspended in a fluid resulting from their bombardment by the fast-moving atoms or molecules in the gas or liquid. The term "Brownian motion" can also refer to the mathematical model used to describe such random movements, which is often called a particle theory. In 1827, the botanist Robert Brown, looking through a microscope at particles found in pollen grains in water, noted that the particles moved through the water but was not able to determine the mechanisms that caused this motion. Atoms and molecules had long been theorized as the constituents of matter, and many decades later, Albert Einstein published a paper in 1905 that explained in precise detail how the motion that Brown had observed was a result of the pollen being moved by individual water molecules. This explanation of Brownian motion served as definitive confirmation that atoms and molecules actually exist, and was further verified experimentally by Jean Perrin in 1908. Perrin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1926 "for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter". The direction of the force of atomic bombardment is constantly changing, and at different times the particle is hit more on one side than another, leading to the seemingly random nature of the motion. This transport phenomenon is named after Robert Brown.

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Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of Brownian motion in Chaldean Numerology is: 3

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of Brownian motion in Pythagorean Numerology is: 2

References

1. ^ Princeton's WordNet
   http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=Brownian motion
2. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Brownian_Motion
3. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brownian_Motion
4. ^ ChatGPT
   https://chat.openai.com
5. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=Brownian motion